Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) causing Right to Left Shunt (RLS) can be detected by TCD PFO-Test. RLS are direct connections between right (pulmonary) and left (systemic) circulation. By this connection blood can cross to the other circulation without passing pulmonary capillaries....
Regular measurement of blood flow velocities (BFV) using ultrasound allows to draw conclusions on vascular luminal changes, which is inversely proportional to the BFV and can be frequently repeated bedside since it does not require invasive techniques....
SARS-CoV-2 infection can be particularly dangerous in patients whose vascular function is already impaired by pre-existing conditions. This explains the typical clinical picture by causing circulatory disorders in the heart, as well as pulmonary embolism and vascular occlusions....